This article was co-authored by Pippa Elliott, MRCVS. Dr. Elliott, BVMS, MRCVS is a veterinarian with over 30 years of experience in veterinary surgery and companion animal practice. She graduated from the University of Glasgow in 1987 with a degree in veterinary medicine and surgery. She has worked at the same animal clinic in her hometown for over 20 years.
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It feeds on insects and spiders, it wiggles, it's about 5 to 8 inches (12.7 to 20.3 cm) long, and it changes color! It is a green anole, a common pet lizard native that is native to the southern United States. But is it a boy or is it a girl? It can be pretty hard to tell, especially with young anoles. However, you can figure it out by learning about the sexual dimorphisms specific to the Anolis carolinensis, and observing your lizard's appearance and behavior closely.
Steps
Looking for Physical Clues
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1Determine the length of your anole. Female anoles are generally smaller than males. Adult females (12 months old and up) usually measure around five inches long, while males can grow to be up to eight inches long. Both larger females and smaller males are possible, however, so you will need more information to you’re your determination.
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2Look for a stripe. Adult female anoles often have a white stripe running down the middle of the back. Not all females have the stripe, and juveniles of both sexes can have a stripe that eventually fades, so you will need to look for other signs to be certain of the sex of your lizard.[1]Advertisement
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3Check the throat. Male anoles have a pink or red dewlap, or flap of skin hanging in an arc from the neck region, which they can inflate during courtship and aggression displays. Of course, some female anoles also have this dewlap, although it is often lighter in color.[2] While most anoles with a prominent dewlap are males, remember that this is still not a 100% guarantee that your anole is male.
- Many people find it surprising that female anoles can also use their dewlaps in displays of aggression or during mating, just as males do.[3]
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4Check the tail. Carefully pick up your anole and look underneath its tail. Male anoles develop 2 larger scales, called postanal scales, at the base of the tail. This is one trait that female anoles never mimic, so if you spot these scales, you can be certain that your anole is a male.
- Spotting the postanal scales on a young lizard can be difficult. You may need to wait until the anole is fully mature at around 12 months to know for sure.
Looking for Behavioral Clues
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1Look for aggressive behavior. Male anoles will often fight each other, especially if there is a female around to fight over. When male anoles fight, they display their dewlaps and open their mouths, bob their heads, and eventually lunge at one another. If they are extremely agitated, black spots will form behind their eyes.[4] The anoles will then bite and wrestle, and can fight until one submits.
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2Watch for courtship behavior. If conditions are right in the anoles' habitat, they will breed in captivity between April and September. If a female is present, male anoles will often make courtship displays that include bobbing their heads rapidly up and down and flaring their dewlaps. Males will also aggressively charge females and try to catch them by the scruff of the neck. [7]
- Courtship and aggression displays begin in a similar fashion, but usually end very differently. If you see this kind of behavior in your anoles, observe them closely to see which is happening. If they are fighting, you will likely need to separate them.
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3Catch them in the act. Catching your anoles in the act of mating is a pretty decisive way to determine the sex of your lizards. Should you spot them twined together mating, the one on top is the male, and the one on the bottom is the female.[8]
- Observing an anole lay an egg is also a clear sign that your lizard is a female!
Expert Q&A
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QuestionCan I keep two females together?
Pippa Elliott, MRCVSDr. Elliott, BVMS, MRCVS is a veterinarian with over 30 years of experience in veterinary surgery and companion animal practice. She graduated from the University of Glasgow in 1987 with a degree in veterinary medicine and surgery. She has worked at the same animal clinic in her hometown for over 20 years.
VeterinarianYes, female anoles generally get along together. However, keeping males together is not a good idea as they are likely to fight.
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QuestionCan you determine the sex when they're babies?Pippa Elliott, MRCVSDr. Elliott, BVMS, MRCVS is a veterinarian with over 30 years of experience in veterinary surgery and companion animal practice. She graduated from the University of Glasgow in 1987 with a degree in veterinary medicine and surgery. She has worked at the same animal clinic in her hometown for over 20 years.
VeterinarianUnfortunately it is difficult to reliably determine the gender of young or very small anoles. Size is one of the factors that helps you determine gender and as they haven't finished growing, this makes things tricky. Also, the baby anoles are so tiny it's difficult to accurately assess their secondary signs such as postanal scale size.Support wikiHow by unlocking this expert answer.
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QuestionDo green anoles develop ridges on their necks and shoulders?Pippa Elliott, MRCVSDr. Elliott, BVMS, MRCVS is a veterinarian with over 30 years of experience in veterinary surgery and companion animal practice. She graduated from the University of Glasgow in 1987 with a degree in veterinary medicine and surgery. She has worked at the same animal clinic in her hometown for over 20 years.
VeterinarianNo, green anoles do not develop a ridge, however the brown anole male does have a longitudinal ridge running tail to neck (this is absent from the green anole.)Support wikiHow by unlocking this expert answer.
References
- ↑ http://www.anapsid.org/anole.html
- ↑ http://www.anoleannals.org/2012/05/31/female-dewlaps/
- ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1EFl62LwBPk
- ↑ http://nelson.beckman.illinois.edu/courses/neuroethol/models/lizard_aggression/lizard_aggression.html
- ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=No969pxP9rA
- ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xke9kesgt4s
- ↑ http://ilarjournal.oxfordjournals.org/content/45/1/54.full
- ↑ http://blogs.thatpetplace.com/thatreptileblog/2013/10/11/how-to-breed-green-anoles-and-raise-the-youngsters/#.VaaUtvlVhHw
About This Article
To determine the sex of a green anole, carefully pick it up and look under its tail for 2 large scales, which is an indication that it's male. You can also measure the length of the anole, since females are usually around 5 inches long and males are typically about 8 inches long. Alternatively, look for a white stripe running down the middle of the anole’s back, which probably means it’s female. Additionally, try checking the anole’s throat for a red or pink bulge or flap of skin, which is more prominent in males. For tips from our Veterinary co-author on how to figure out the sex of green anoles based on their behavior, read on!
